M88体育-明升M88体育讯(通讯员 韩亚帆)3月28日,国际学术期刊The Plant Cell发表了我校园艺林学学院、果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室康春颖教授课题组题为“Transcriptionfactor FveMYB117a inhibits axillary bud outgrowth by regulating cytokininhomeostasis in woodland strawberry”的研究成果。研究揭示了森林草莓转录因子FveMYB117a通过多种途径与细胞分裂素相互作用抑制腋芽伸长生长的分子机制。研究结果有助于深入理解草莓腋芽从休眠转变成伸长生长的复杂调控机制,为草莓优良株型选育提供了重要理论依据和基因资源。
分枝直接影响植物株型和产量,因此分枝调控是一个十分重要的发育生物学问题。草莓被誉为“水果皇后”,在世界各地广泛种植。草莓腋生分生组织可以形成长分枝(匍匐茎/Runner)和短分枝(Crown)(图1)。短分枝上着生花序,其数量多少对草莓产量至关重要。观察发现腋芽起始后可快速形成匍匐茎或处于休眠状态,在适宜条件下伸长生长为短分枝。草莓腋芽从休眠到伸长生长这一命运转变的分子调控机制仍不清楚。
图1. 森林草莓无匍匐茎品种Ruegen和有匍匐茎品种H4的腋芽发育过程
研究者发现,森林草莓EMS等位突变体P1和NR45的腋芽提前打破休眠形成较多短分枝(图2)。P1和NR45的致突变基因编码转录因子FveMYB117a,在腋芽、茎尖分生组织和嫩叶中高表达。P1突变体中细胞分裂素水平显著升高,细胞分裂素抑制剂处理可恢复突变体多分枝表型。在生化层面,FveMYB117a直接调控细胞分裂素合成基因FveIPT2和细胞分裂素降解基因FveCKX1的表达水平,抑制细胞分裂素积累。此外,细胞分裂素途径B型反应调节因子FveARR1和FveARR2b直接结合FveMYB117a启动子,抑制其表达。
图2. 森林草莓突变体P1和NR45形成较多短分枝
该研究首次报道了草莓短分枝形成的抑制因子FveMYB117a,其工作模型为:(1)FveMYB117a直接调控细胞分裂素合成基因FveIPT2和细胞分裂素降解基因FveCKX1的转录水平,抑制细胞分裂素在腋芽中的积累;(2)细胞分裂素途径B型反应调节因子FveARR1和FveARR2b直接抑制FveMYB117a表达,形成反馈调节通路;(3)FveMYB117a正向调控生长素和脱落酸积累以及腋芽抑制因子FveBRC1表达,最后促进腋芽保持休眠(图3)。该模型为草莓株型调控与优化提供了理论框架。
图 3. 森林草莓FveMYB117a调控腋芽伸长生长的工作模型
M88体育-明升M88体育园艺林学学院康春颖教授是该论文的通讯作者,博士研究生韩亚帆为第一作者,美国马里兰大学刘重持教授和已毕业硕士研究生曲明昊参与了本研究。M88体育-明升M88体育植物科学学院戴成副教授为本研究提供了指导。该工作得到了国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金和中央高校基础科研经费等项目的资助。
审核人:康春颖
【英文摘要】
Shoot branching affects plant architecture. In strawberry (Fragaria L.), short branches (crowns) develop from dormant axillary buds to form inflorescences and flowers. While this developmental transition contributes greatly to perenniality and yield in strawberry, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear and understudied. In the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), we identified and characterized two independent mutants showing more crowns. Both mutant alleles reside in FveMYB117a, a R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene highly expressed in shoot apical meristems, axillary buds and young leaves. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of several cytokinin pathway genes was altered in the fvemyb117a mutant. Consistently, active cytokinins were significantly increased in the axillary buds of the fvemyb117a mutant. Exogenous application of cytokinin enhanced crown outgrowth in the wild type, whereas the cytokinin inhibitors suppressed crown outgrowth in the fvemyb117a mutant. FveMYB117a binds directly to the promoters of the cytokinin homeostasis genes FveIPT2 encoding an isopentenyltransferase and FveCKX1 encoding a cytokinin oxidase to regulate their expression. Conversely, the type-B Arabidopsis response regulators FveARR1 and FveARR2b can directly inhibit the expression of FveMYB117a, indicative of a negative feedback regulation. In conclusion, we identified FveMYB117a as a key repressor of crown outgrowth by inhibiting cytokinin accumulation and provide a mechanistic basis for bud fate transition in an herbaceous perennial plant.